New technologies have influenced all economic and social activities. Cyberspace has created conditions where offenders can commit crimes in locations other than where the effects and consequences of their actions appear. Information technology crimes are divided into two categories. The first group includes a range of computer-related offenses that can be prosecuted and punished under existing classical criminal laws. This group encompasses various crimes, which can be classified into categories such as crimes against individuals, property, public security, and public order. The second group comprises a set of cybercrimes that require special legislation. These types of crimes can also be classified into three categories: the first includes offenses that could not have been committed before the advent of information technology, such as unauthorized access; the second includes classical crimes.
On the other hand, technology also has a positive impact on crime prevention. Tools such as CCTV cameras and coded alarm systems help deter criminal activity, while the media, through functions like education and the dissemination of religious and security teachings, can play a role in the social prevention of crime. Despite these positive and effective functions, the mentioned technologies also have negative aspects, including the violation of the right to privacy and the intrusion into individuals’ private lives.